Improvement in lamps



R. e; PULLAN.

Lamp Wick Raiser.

Patented Dec. 24, 1861 N. PETERS4 Phono-Lunngnphw. wnsmnglm. n.0.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

R. B. PUILAN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO JESSIE D. PULLAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 34,029, dated December24, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, R. B. PULLAN, of Cincinnati, in the county ofHamilton and State of Ohio, have invented or discovered c ertain new andImproved Devices Specially Applicable to Hand-Lam ps to be Used withChimneys; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andsufficient description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, making part ofthe specication.

The nature of the invention consists in certain details of arrangementof devices for controlling and operating the combustion apparatus; also,in the mode of making a double concentric wick-tube struck up from asingle plate of sheet metal, in manner hereinafter explained.

The apparatus herein described is particularly adapted to hand-lamps,although it may be used equally well in stationary lamps. vIt is a lampdesigned to burn coal-oil and other highly-charged carbon oils or highlycarboniferous oils, which require artiiicial draft by means of chimneysor their equivalent. In the present case a short chimney, in connectionwith the use of the hollow shaft through which the feed-air is suppliedto the chamber of combustion, forms a prominent feature.

In the drawings, let Figure l represent an elevation of the lamp; Fig.2, a vertical sectionthrough line .fr of Fig. 3; Fig. 3, a horizrontalsection through line y 'y of Fig. l and a top View of the pedestaloutside of a a', and Fig. 4 a side view of the wick E and wick-tube F',having the bayonet-catch F. Fig. 5 represents the double concentric tubearranged outside the wick, detached from the lamp and .somewhatenlarged.

Similar letters and figures refer to similar parts in the severalsections of the drawings.

Let A represent the shaft of a hand-lamp open throughout; B, thereservoir for oil; C, the pedestal; D, the lampglass; E, the circularwick; F, the bayonet-catch, and F the port-wick for receiving the wick;G, a metal gauze septum that may be used in case the draft is too great,but is not claimed in this application, and II the knobs on which thepedestal rests.

c represents the outer portion of the double concentric tube, and b theinner portion; a c',

the reservoir for oil; c, the inner tube for the central draft of air;d, the traveling nut that raises and depresses the port-wick; c,eccentric air-passage surrounding1 the wick; f, the

.arm of the traveling nut d, the hook of which is received into thebayonet-catch F, and g the endless screw, the rotation of which elevatesor depresses the traveling nut and the port-wick.

h represents the cap for the oil-reservoir; d', the head of the endlessscrew or the cap of the endless screw; t', the opening between thecontiguous edges of the double concentric tube, through which travelsthe arm f of nut d, and 7c the soldered joint; m in, the portion of tubea removed.

-The lamp herein described does not differ in appearance from theordinary hand and table lamp with a chimney, except that the chimney isexceedingly short, not exceeding three inches. The pedestal is raised upfrom the floor by three or more knobs or balls acting as feet, and alsoelevating the pedestal a little above the floor for the free passage ofthe feed-air for combustion. The dome form of the pedestal c serves asan inverted funnel for conducting the feed-air into the shaft A, whichacts as a chimney-pipe, carrying up acurrent of air, apart of whichpasses through the central pipe c and part through the eccentric passagec, simultaneously supplying both the inner and outer face of the wickwith abundance of air to sustain the combustion.

A septum of wire-gauze may be used at G, or may be left out when thedraft is not too strong.

It will be seen by inspecting Figs. 3 and 5 that the double concentrictube ab is formed by bending a strip of sheet metal around a cylinderuntil the edges would almostmeet, so as to leave but the space fi, thenturning the remaining flaps of the metal backward and outward each uponitself until the edges meet at 7c. Then solder the edges at 7o and clipoff the outer portion or the a part at m m, and wehave the form of thedouble concentric tube seen in Fig. 5 made or struck up from a singlesheet of metal. The top of this tube is shown in Fig. 3 with the arm fof the traveling nut d in place; but the wick E and port-wick F are notshown in this gure. The place for them is the space between the centraltube c and the wall of tube b, where the hook part of arm f is receivedinto the bayonet-catch F. In Fig. 2 the wick, portwick, and bayonetcatchare represented above the top ol' the lamp, but ready to be dropped intoplace.

There is frequently great difficulty in repairing the internal works ofan Argand lamp from the number of soldered joints, coupled with the factthat where two part-s of metal are united by soldering,` the joint isthe first place to rust away and come to repairs. To avoid these evils,the double concentric tube was made in the manner already described.

From the construction of the bayonet-catch F, traveling nut d, arm,and'hookf, as shown in Fig. 2, the mode of fastening and unfastening thecatch is obvious and needs not any further explanations. The combinationof these several pieces for operating and fastening the Wick-tube of alamp, as here shown, is believed to be valuable as an arrangement.

I have already shown some ot' the advantages arising` from the use ofthe hollow shaft A in combination with the short chimney D. It would notdefine nor explain particularly the construction to give any exactmeasurement of the length of this chimney or that of the shaft A, or ofthe shaft and dome pedestal together, although I might say that in thepresent case the chimney is about three inches long, the lamp-reservoirand shaft six inches, and the pedestal three inches. The use of thehollow shaft and low or short chimney constitutes a prominent feature inthis lamp and renders it very suitable for carrying about the house. Thechimney being light and short, it is not top-heavy, and, receiving itsfeed-air through the bottom, is not made to smoke by means of sidedrafts of air.

There is much ditiiculty experienced in arranging the internal works ofa complex lamp so as to operate the raising and lowering of the wickwhile the machinery that performs the work is concealed from View, andespecially when that machinery is liable to derangement. In the presentcase it was necessary to inclose the port-wick apparatus within theoil-reservoir and operate the same by rotating the cap d to the right orleft, as required. As the works are all concealed in the oil-chamber, itis indispensable that the gearing shall not be subject to derangement.To accomplish this with considerable certainty I cause the upper andlowerend ofthe endless screw g to turn in stationary bearings, while thenut d and arm fare made to rise and fall by rotating cap Cl. Thebayonetcatch F is readily attached and detached in the most obviousmanner.

Operation: Supposing' the lamp needs a new wick, place the right thumband finger on the cap d and unscrew till the wick and portwick projectfrom the top of the lamp, slip on a new wick, and turn the screw in thereverse direction till the wick is set at the proper elevation, when itis ready for use.

Having now ully described the nature of the invention and the manner ofconstruct ing and using the same, what I claim as my invention, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The making of the double concentric tube a b, constituting the innerand outer walls of air-passage e, by striking it up from a single plateof sheet metal in the manner herein described.

2. The combination of the bayonet-catch F with the arm f of thetraveling nut ol, both as a fastening for the wick-tube and asa means ofraising' and lowering the wick, substantiall)7 as described.

R. B. PULLAN.

Witnesses:

A. M. SEARLEs, T. D. WILLIAMS.

